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KMID : 0377619640060050581
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1964 Volume.6 No. 5 p.581 ~ p.600
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A Roentgenological Study of the Neck Structures in Normal Korean Adults
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Abstract
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In order that pathological changes of structures and organs of the neck can appropriately be evaluated, normal values of measurements of various parts of the neck are of primary importance.
This investigation was undertaken to find out normal values of various measurements of the neck in Korean adults, In addition, the author also made observations of their growth patterns, The materials consist of 289 normal adults arld 151 children under 15 years of age, of both sexes.
The results were statistically analyzed and the following conclusions drawn.
1) Most of the measurements of the neck organs were significantly different between Koreans and Caucasians (American).
2) The mean values of measurements of the retropharyngeal space in Korean adults were 1.5 times greater than the upper limits of the same measurements in American adults (Hay´s method); and almost twice as great when the upper limits were compared. Similar differences were noted in children.
3) Retropharyngeal space as measured at the anterior lower margin of the body of the 2nd cervical vertebra (Wholey), and at the mid-point of the anterior border of the body of the 4th cervical vertebra (Hay), were almost the same width until the age of 4 Years, Thereafter, the measurements at the former level became apparently and relatively decreased showing a striking difference in the measurements at the two levels.
4) The mean values and upper limits of the measurements of the retrocricoid space in Korean adults were 1.5 times and nearly twice, respectively, greater than the upper limits of the same measurements in American adults (Hay´s method). The retrotracheal space is, however, narrower in Koreans than in Americans.
5) There were significant sex differences in the measurements of retrolaryngeal, retrocricoid, and retrotracheal spaces in adults. This was not the case in children.
6) The sagittal diameters of the trachea and larynx in children up to the age of 14 years showed a general type of growth pattern, The growth seems to cease in females after 14 years of age, whereas growth continues in males up to the age of 40 years causing a remarkable difference in the size between males and females.
7) The sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal increases steadily until the age of 8 years, and thereafter is followed by a slowing-down process giving an exponential growth pattern (neural type growth pattern). On the other hand, there are significant difference in measurements between. males and females, and the diameter is smaller in Koreans than in Americans.
8) No significant difference between Koreans and Americans was noted in the measurements of atlas-odontoid distance and normal cervical lordosis.
9) Additionally, a systematic study was made as to the age of appearance, the site of predilection, and incidence of ossifications of the cartilages of the neck including hyoid bones.
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